Today's session does include a learner guide for you to extend your learning on the topic. We've created this guide as a way for you to consider questions or discuss together as a group. There are some action steps that you can take to extend your learning on the topic. You can customize the guide so if your team has specific steps you'd like to take, make that guide work for you, but we really hope that you can take action on your learning today, and are pleased to share the learner guide with you. I am thrilled to welcome our presenter for today, Naomi Bishop served as the Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Arizona's Phoenix Biomedical Campus. I'll let her properly pronounce the rest of her introduction. I'm grateful to have you here. Thank you for bringing your great work and experience to this Web Junction seminar. 

>> NAOMI: Thank you, Jennifer. I'm happy to be here today. I have a lot to cover but I do want to leave time for questions and resources. I see a lot of folks from all over the country. It's really great to have this platform to have audience and librarians from all over and staff from all over the country. My name is Naomi Bishop. I'm Akimel O'odham Pima and I'm coming from my homelands of Phoenix, Arizona. This is the original homelands of the Akimel O'odham and we live on the Salt River and Gila River in Arizona and we're still here and nice to work in a library here in my home state. I worked in lots of libraries across the country. I went to grad school at the University of Washington and Seattle, and so I'm really glad to be back home and today I'm going to share some stories. I'm going to share about people and I'm going to share about opportunities for libraries to do more engagement about Native People. I know a lot of attention has been, you know, since the pandemic on the Navajo Nation, a lot of people were very generous and helpful during the pandemic, in reaching out to one another. I think that a lot of libraries did a lot of great work, and as we see new things happening like the youth literature awards and youth media awards started including the American Indian Library, Association Youth Literature Award we've seen more visibility and the visibility is important. I'm going to share and talk about that more today of how we can even boost that even more, because this is really living in today's world, knowing how connected we can be. There's a lot that librarians can do, a lot of information out there, and we're going to talk about that today. 

So a little overview of my presentation, we're going to do some demographics of American Indians today, and then I'm going to introduce you to tribal crit, tribal critical race theory and libraries and talk more about visibility and acknowledgement and acknowledging where we are coming from. I see everybody's putting their states and their cities where they're coming from. If you know the traditional homelands you reside on, I'd love to see you place that in the chat so if you are in Phoenix, you're Akimel O'odham or some of the nations that are in your area, it's great to see all of those across the country popping up, and I love to see how diverse all the tribal nations are, and everybody from all across the country. So then I'll end with a little bit of my own reflections and some questions. Here's another question I really like engaging and seeing where people are coming from. I also want to know what are your thoughts and what do you think of when I say Native Americans? Whatever the first thing that pops into your mind, whatever you think about when you think of American Indians or Native Americans. I'd love to see what you guys think. Take a few minutes, maybe pop in the chat one or two words that come to mind when I say Native Americans. We have some folks from Canada as well, First Nations that's wonderful. Indigenous, stewardship, Alaska Native, Utah history. This is wonderful, reservations, genocide, original country, friends and neighbors, racism. The Indian Child Welfare Act ICWA, Debbie Reese, shout out. Sometimes it's tribal nation, sometimes it's stereotypes, sometimes it's terminology and sometimes it is just explaining who we are, where we come from tradition, Hip-hop. That's interesting. Dance comes to mind, that's really good. I love seeing all of this and for you to see the chat, there's a lot of ways to describe Native Americans today. A lot of different way to say indigenous peoples I have on the screen are some pictures from art is here locally in Phoenix. All of these artists live here in Phoenix, Arizona, and they have recently I think it's because we hosted a big game this past weekend, but also besides the big game, we always have murals up in our town, in our city and we've been seeing more visibility, and these are just down the street from me here, and these are contemporary murals from Native artists with representations. One is of a girl with a black hat and long hair, big earring and a baseball cap, just surrounded by colors and it says "Yazzie." Another one is actually some designs so you can see the cactus, you can see a rabbit. There's a quail there, all kinds of traditional designs and the last one over here is actually a mural done for the Super Bowl by an indigenous artist she was the first indigenous artist to create the ticket and design for the Super Bowl so the colors you saw on the field were inspired by her artwork. Last week and the week before that, for two weeks I've seen these indigenous artists up here painting this mural, giving us some representation for our city and for our state, for people to see who Native American people are today, to see indigenous people represented and this picture here is not the final work. This is halfway done but it was really, really powerful to see that in downtown Phoenix, seeing an image created by Native artists today of what they wanted to represent for tourists from around the country to see Arizona and experience that. This is a design, OXDX, he made Super Bowl shirts for the Super Bowl as well. This is one I bought for my son, for Mars "Perseverance" landing and the guy who create the shirts his brother works for NASA. This is a special print. This is what I think of Native Americans here. I think of art, design and cultures living today and it's not, there is a lot of history, a lot of language there, a lot of different things represented there but I think a lot of it for me is the future. So seeing people today living on and persevering into the future, so that's what I think of when I think of Native Americans today. But keep this in mind, because I think this will apply to your libraries as well. So I wanted to do a little bit of demographics because I think a lot of people don't realize how diverse and large the Native population is we usually think of one or two tribes in the United States, maybe the Cherokee or Navajo, maybe depending on where you live, you may have some other tribes you're familiar with, but usually not everybody is familiar with the 574 federally-recognized tribes, but according to the U.S. Census, most current 2020 numbers said there was 3.7 million people that identify as American Indian only and did not identify as any other race. 2019 American community survey said 5.7 million identified as American Indian and Alaska Native, and of those 5.7, 4.4 identified with at least one tribal group. So these are really big numbers for me, actually thinking that's like a huge city kind of, but there are also 324 distinct federally-recognized reservations across the United States, and federal reservations and off-reservation land trust, so there is a lot of diversity among American Indians and Alaska Natives. They are everywhere around the country. They may be in your city or town, and not including the federally-recognized tribes there's also state-recognized tribes in groups that are fighting for recognition, and so it's really interesting to see. You can see some of the percentage of the populations, those dark green are percentages of 50% or more, so Alaska has a large Alaska Native population. You can see Arizona, California. Northern California actually and some of the Dakotas, South Dakota, Montana, Oklahoma, larger Native populations. If we break this down a little more and look at counties within the U.S., actually 60% of American Indians and Alaska Natives live in metropolitan areas. I pulled this data from the kren us about the fastest-growing American Indian/Alaska Native populations, and you can see some of them, a lot of them here in the west so Clark County, Nevada, Maricopa County, here in Arizona, Salt Lake county, use use, Pinal County, Arizona, Bexar County, Texas, prince George's County, Maryland, Cleveland County, Oklahoma, Pierce County, Washington, and Yakima County, Washington you can see the growth population increase over time. A graph of leading metropolitan areas with the highest percentage of American Indian populations in the U.S., this is in 2019, so this is interesting numbers here, but you can see of course Oklahoma large population. New Mexico, Albuquerque, Stockton, California, has a high percentage, and then Arizona, not surprising to me to see Denver, Colorado, Portland, Oregon, Vancouver, Washington, so a lot here in the west, but there's also Michigan on here, and Hawaii, lots in California, but this is really interesting to see how this population is growing, and we live in big cities, and big areas. We're not just in reservation communities. We're also in cities and that's something that I always remind people here in Arizona is that, yes, we have 22 tribes here, and we have reservations, but a lot of populations from all different tribes across the country are living here in Phoenix, in the metro area or Tucson, and so there's more than one tribe. There's a lot of diversity in the American Indian population. So keep that in mind and think about that as we're talking about Native Nations and Native stories. Another question is, where do you get your information about Native Americans? So I would love to hear where you guys are hearing about Native Americans, if at all or even at school. Where is this information coming from? Good, I see Debbie Reese's blog, American Indians and children's Literature, tribal newsletters, news, Native educators, oh, good. I'm seeing some really good sources here. Also seeing some new sources like Native American TikTok. Conservation facilities, public radio, great. So there's a lot of different diverse sources as well, children's books, popular culture, historic sites, universities, Instagram. I'm seeing a ton of social media as well, which is great, because all the artists I showed you are on social media and that's how I also know them by following them on Instagram. Events held by Native Americans, this is wonderful. I think librarians is kind of like an outlier. If I asked that general question to college students or to my medical students, I would not get this many good answers. This is wonderful, because I hope this chat is saving, because this is a great representation. I thought you guys were going to say Google and Wikipedia, because that's what I get a lot. And if you look on xwoogle or Wikipedia for information about Native Americans, it's really interesting. To see what comes up, which representation are the first, do a google image search, what are you finding? Sometimes it's a lot of historical photos, updated things and sometimes it's more contemporary people, but it's really depends on where you're looking for your information. I'm really happy to see good sources there. One of the sources I'm going to point out today is a good source especially working with students or youth or just the general public, because people always have 10 million questions about American Indians and really want to know about us and how our governments work and how we, you know, educate folks and there's this great source from the National Congress of American Indians, it's a free eBook, last updated in 2019 and called Tribal Nations in the United States: An Introduction a link is in the chat. This is a great source to learn more in-depth of what I'm going to share a little bit today. I don't have time to go through the entire, every section and answer all the questions, but I think this is a really good source to go to, to find information to learn about the history, to learn about, you know, economics, to learn about tribal peoples today. The National Congress of American Indians is an organization that represents many, many tribes across the United States. There's a directory there. They have really great policy and talking points, so you definitely want to check them out if you don't know about them. But this is a source that I usually am pointing people to when they don't know a lot about Native Americans or American Indian history and want to dive deeper. This is a great place. It has sources. A lot of free references there at the end that give you some other sources. 

Some additional sources, some of you mentioned these, so I have the National Congress of American Indians there, national Museum of the American Indian from the Smithsonian, the National Archives has a lot of historical resoempb for Native Americans. Any teachers or Educator, Native Knowledge 360 is the educational portal, excellent source, great for libraries as well. The Department of the Interior has library links. Like I mentioned the Census Bureau has tribal area. I had never seen this map before from the census but you could put in specific tribal nation to see census data from those communities, so I was looking at my tribe and texting my nom, is this correct? She said well, based off of the is encess, yes, but telling you approximately, you know, how many people from each age group is there the elders is a declining population in our tribe of the elderly. The dellers are now my mom's generation but it was interesting to see kind of just the population and some data from the census that was current about tribal areas as well as new sources. I think Indian country today is well-known but also native News Union and Indianz.com-ho-chunk Nation and there are local news sources that may cover American Indians and those are great sources to find out what is going on today. A lot going on with the environment, with health, policy always, there's always something about land. All kinds of things happening in tribal nations. Those are good sources to follow up to date of current events and current happenings within tribal communities. The census does only represent tribally recognized groups so that's how the census is collecting its data. So now that I've kind of introduced you to American Indians, some sources for getting more information about American Indians I wanted to bring up this term tribal critical race theory from Dr. Brayboy at Arizona State University. This is an article from 2005, and this article is really great, because it addresses issues of indigenous people in the United States. It has its roots in critical race theory, anthropology, political and legal theory, political science and American Indian literature, education and American Indian studies and kind of like a framework to help explain and address the complicated relationship between American Indians in the United States and the federal government, and help people kind of think it through. So let me show you a little bit more. So there are nine tenets to Tribal Crit and critical race theory argues racism is endemic to society. Tribal says colonization is endemic to society and acknowledging the role played by racism. Much of what tribal crit offers a Alaska Native litical lens more culturally nuanced examining the lives and experiences with people since contact with Europeans over 500 years ago. This is central to the space and place of American Indian habitants physically and intellectually and unique sovereign relationships between individuals and the American government. A lot of this framework is helpful for recognizing our history recognize our people of today, recognizing different sources of knowledge, looking at policy and looking at structural inequalities, why things are the way they are and focusing on strength of tribal students, so tribal beliefs and customs, indigenous languages. These are strong points that need to be seen as theory and need to be seen as points of data. We need to also think about how we can recognize indigenous ways of knowing, and also allow for tribal sovereignty, tribal autonomy and self-determination so that Native people have a place in today. That we are looking at our curriculums, look at our displays and programs through this lens of building upon the story and the history that's there, and moving forward how we can address these things. There's been a lot of different historical time points where U.S. government policy has had negative consequences on a population, and some of these policies were educational. A lot of them were linked to the goal of assimilation, and so this is where it's sometimes difficult in libraries thinking about we want to make Native people feel represented. We don't want to keep perpetuating stereotypes, don't want to perpetuate myths. We don't want a lot of misinformation out there. We want people to recognize us and our customs and beliefs and traditions as we are and that's like central to understanding our lived experience and recognizing us as people. This is important for educators, for library yabs to think about this how the U.S. government policies impacted Native people today. With recognizing that colonization was part of it, before colonization, there were trees and treaty rights made with tribal nations and they were actually signed before the Constitution, so 1778 to 1871 the U.S. made the treaties with individual nations. These treaties are considered the supreme law of the land so this is like what the basis of Federal Indian law and federal IND Yan Trust Relationship is based off of. It wasn't until the Constitution Article 1 Section 8 that made Congress the executive and judicial branches of our governments the authority to engage in relations with tribes and give them a place in the Constitution in our nation, so this was challenged in the Supreme Court and Chief Justice John Marshall articulated the fundamental Prinz that guide the evolution of Indian law to the present that tribes possess nationhood and retain inherent powers of self-government and that's often forgotten. That's often not understood as we look at how things are set up and why things are the way they are the more we learn about treaties and what was promised and given to Native people saying the more we can understand the situation today and where we are and how we had reservations set up by Congress, right? That's important to understand. This is coming from the tribal nations eBook that I told you about, but I made this to summarize some of the points that were in there. There were many different policies and periods of time where Native people had to have extremely tragic, gruesome history of removal from their land, you know, giving away their land to others, with allotment, assimilating people and making them lose their language, their culture. All of their understanding, their communities, there was the boarding schools that placed, took children away from their families to educate them and to make them basically white or in American society, and then there was even more policy moving people to cities and telling them there were jobs, so there was all these different times in American history which we never really learn about unless we're probably a history major, maybe if you take some law courses, maybe you'll learn about some of this history, but a lot of it is just glossed over and not included in our curriculums. It's not included in any program usually unless maybe social work. Maybe some places may have to cover it, depending on where you are, what population you're working with, but this was a very -- so many eras, decades of congressional policies that happened that relocated people, moved people, separated families. We think about family separation and the border today, but this was like happening throughout our history. So these are things to just be aware of and understand. You can always do more learning, but I think this puts, shines a light on what we are not and what is usually invisible to us when thinking about American Indians today and our history and really recognizing what happened. I studied German in high school, and I studied German in college and I actually lived in Germany and I learned so much about the Holocaust. I learned so much about German history and I think that's what is also needed here in the U.S., because I think Germans are really taught to face their history, and to think about it. Even now I think what going on with Ukraine and Germany they were like never again are we going to have to war but we also need to face this, so I think it's really important that we think about, you know, policy and time and space and the consequences thereof after. So here we are in the present, 2000 to the present, this was this new age of nation building, and this is a picture of Secretary of the Interior Deb Paulin sworn in by Vice President Kamala Harris and in 2021 when Biden took President, he put out this fact sheet saying we're going to do a new era of nation-building engagement and we've seen some of this come out to play recently with the boarding schools and other areas that have been priorities for staek tear Holland. This is the first time an indigenous Native person has been in charge of this office at the Interior, so it was really historical moment, and it's really great to have a Native person leading the Department of the Interior which oversees the Bureau of Indian Affairs, federal lands, federal trusts, so it's really important her role within this nation-to-nation engagement and discussion. So I mentioned the boarding school eras. I wanted to just bring a little bit more information to that. There's actually a federal Indian boarding school initiative now happening through Deb Holland and the BIA, and they are going across the country hosting listening sessions to survivors and family members of boarding school attendees. They had completed their report and the, from 1819 to 1969, the federal Indian boarding school system consisted of 408 federal schools across 37 states and territories including 21 schools in Alaska and 7 in Hawaii. This investigation marked, identified marked, unmarked burial sites at approximately 53 different schools across the system, and the investigation is continuing to see where else there may be graves or burial sites, but this is a really important piece of American history of not understanding and thinking about it, and so I think this is something that we can think about and know about, but hearing the stories of people today, actually in 2012, American Indian Library Association's best book was a memoir from an elder who Adam Fortune Eagle that wrote about his time in the boarding schools and it was called "Pipe Stone" and it's really something that I think I'm glad that he wrote, because people can see his experience. It wasn't -- sometimes you'll hear stories it was bad, it was really tragic, but also there's other stories of students having other stories about their time there, what it was like. It's really interesting to see how widespread it was across the U.S. and so many people and families impacted by it. There are some books about the boarding school being published. A lot coming from Canada. There are still some in the U.S. that I feel like this is a section of publishing that I hope maybe will come to light, so people can tell their stories. I will look up Pipe Stone for you but it was an American Indian youth literature award winner. It was my experience at the boarding school but Adam Fortunate Eagle and this is one thing that is still invisible within American Indians in our history, something that is not visible or told about. In think being that and the generations, I know actually a descendant of a boarding school, my grandfather went to boarding school, told me all about it, how he was, you know, punished for alert speaking his language. We to learn English or German. He learned English it was difficult for him and he learned it and speaks it and also spoke his Native language and helped linguists and others later on in his life with documenting the language, but I think this is something that we should recognize that we also still hear, so many descendants are grandkids and people whose parents went to boarding school are still alive today in these generations. We don't hear or think about stories really. We don't know sometimes what we don't know. This is a picture of Walnut Canyon in Northern Arizona. I always think about this time I was 8 months pregnant and visiting the canyon at the summertime just waiting for my baby to come, and I actually took, there's a long staircase down to see these ruins within the rocks and I went down and I heard this little girl say to her dad, "Dad, where did these people go? What happened to these people that built this?" And it really struck me and I turned around and I said to her "Oh, we're still here." I said Q There's lots of Native people still here today. These are our ancestors that lived here." It was a sweet moment. Her eyes opened up wide and she was so surprised to see Native people today, but I think that's a lot of kids in America, a lot of people, adults in America. When I went to college, people were telling me oh, you're the first Native American person I've ever met. I'm thinking wow, where do you live? But it's true. It's not as common maybe in certain parts of the country to meet a Native American person. And so I always think about, this is a particular example to the national parks but who is telling the story and from what perspective? I know that like people are really looking to change that perspective and to share that information of we are still here, and that we are still living and thriving and there's communities all around you and in your own city. This is why I think it's important for libraries to take a look at what they're offering and what they provided and who is their populations, because those are sometimes invisible and erased sometimes, the history is not acknowledged. It's not conceived or there's a lot of stereotypes, misappropriation, culture appropriation happening, and so I think that's something that we need to address. I didn't go into this, but I would say mascots play along with that. I have a whole 'nother talk on misappropriation, stereotypes, cultural appropriation, and I do want to say that I think the time has come to change the name of mascots, because sporting teams are different than actual people who are elders in the community and people that had to experience all that history that we just looked over really quickly, and so thinking about the future generations, and what would be best for them, and I'm really happy to see teams like the Cleveland Guardians and I'm super fan now, ooh, they're Guardians with you I'm really happy to see teams changing their names and I think this is something that we still need to recognize and understand, like all of that history, all of the, you know, trauma and just des macing, you know, genocide that was perpetrated to have people today still trying to, you know, mock our culture or mock our ways of life. That's what I think is happening with mascots and it's really sad to see. 

So when we talk about visibility and acknowledgment, we need to talk about it in a way that is positive, that is reflective, accurate and I've seen a lot of displays -- I'm not going to say, I did some searching to see library displays with Native people in November, and I was kind of disappointed, because I was seeing a lot of things that were not by Native authors or a lot of stuff not Native people represented today. I was seeing a lot of stuff that might have been, you know, historical in manner, which is fine, but also bringing in some of that current people that are here today in your community. So here's an example from my library. This is the homelands of Arizona and I have a map from the inner tribal council of Arizona of all the Nations in Arizona and I got all their tribal seals to show, all the flags from all these communities, and then I actually went and found Native health centers and centers that serve Native people here in the Phoenix area, and Native organizations, non-profits, professional associations, the Native association, the Native physicians associations looking at non-profits and community organizations here in this area and I think that was really important to show students like it's not only these reservations are here and that we have these lands, but also here in the city, there are tribal organizations and Native Nations that you can volunteer with, you can work at, you can support, giving visibility and acknowledgment to the work that's going on here, and acknowledging that from all perspectives. I also have children's books here on the table and I always pull out the children's books, so that students who are training to become physicians are learning about their community and Native people and maybe it's through literature or through a poem or book that they are connecting to students, but thinking about what Native authors are in your collection. I'm always doing searches at public libraries in my Phoenix metro area to see who has which books that I want to borrow or have to put on hold or request, because it's still today even if books are on an American Indian Youth Literature Awards list, I'm not finding them at my local library. I'm still not finding them on the shelves, and I know that some may be difficult to find if they're from Canada, not with a big publisher, but it's still surprising to me to think about 2023 and a winner from 2020 is somewhere not on the shelf that I can't check out. I have to put in a special request for a book from a Native author, and that's really hard for me, but I think that visibility acknowledgment is important, because there are kids, Native kids everywhere. There are Native adults everywhere. It's nice to see and reflect themselves. Nothing better than seeing a book display and walking by and seeing a book that you love or want to read or never knew existed and finding it there on your shelf to check out and take home with you. I know it surprises me all the time when I find something, oh, yes, this is the book I love. I want to see it. So having, you know, as many Native authors and illustrators on your shelf for this representation is important. 

And if you don't have the funding, because I know this is a big deal, too, thinking about grants. Thinking about friend groups, fund-raisers that you could do, or even just printing out information from the internet and making a really creative display. There are so many resources online from Native organizations, from the Smithsonian, free public resources, Library of Congress, lots of government agencies. I can think of NASA actually did diverse faces of NASA and put out a poster of Native American employees that worked for NASA, which was really great. So thinking about all the different types of information that is out there. Even you guys were mentioning podcasts and creators on Instagram. You could definitely email one of these creators and be like can I profile you and do an interview and put you on a display in my library. I think artists and creators love that visibility and that opportunity to get some acknowledgment from different places. Partnerships are also another really great way to bring visibility and acknowledgment into your library. I don't know if you guys saw this from the Phoenix Suns but every city, every NBA team had a city jersey and so the city jersey is just a special jersey that they wear on certain games for home to kind of share about their home city that they're from, and so the Phoenix Suns did a partnership with Originative, a creative group of artists in Phoenix and created these jerseys but the really neat thing about the jerseys, they have the 22 different languages Sasae Sun and lots of symbolism, the turquoise of the jersey to how they were put together and designed by native people and then for the release, they actually brought in Native youth from 22 tribes in Arizona to come and meet the Suns players and teach them about their culture, learn about their culture and it was kind of a big deal because it was like the first time we were seeing a lot of representation in our city. We have not seen a lot of this before in our city, in our state, even though we have a huge Native population. So partnerships are a really good way, work with local tribes, local communities, non-profits and community organizations or tribal groups and say hey, we want to partnership. Can we highlight and you know, interview some people or can we have like a sister city kind of program, but for your local community, your local tribal communities or things like that. Because I think the partnerships are really what gets you there, and I'm seeing a lot of questions about youth and why resources. I have some also at end but we will definitely be diving in. I would also recommend the American Indian Library Association's Youth Literature Award to see authors on there and when I find one author, I look at everything else they've written and that's a great way to find things. There's lots of lists out there but Debbie Reese's blog is a great one, American Indians in Children's Literature also has tons of books on it. This is a photo from the National Museum of American Indian and it's a boy but he has three different outfits. You spin these things and there's lots of different combinations that could be, so he's wearing a jersey, wearing a traditional shirt and a school uniform shirt in these photos and I think this is really what it shows representation of. You don't know what, just by looking at somebody, you don't know their background or their nationality sometimes. You don't know unless you could maybe identify. Just because you're speaking Spanish or a different language doesn't mean you're from Mexico. You could be lots of countries around the world speak Spanish, right? So thinking about breaking down identity, it could be mixed identities. A lot of youth and children today are mixed race, but the whole goal in making visibility in our libraries is for empowering families to read. So I loved this article from Indian Country Today a couple years ago from the American Indian Library Association Youth Literature Awards. Our whole goal is to empower families to read so children and adults feel encouraged to read. We know early literacy is important for a child. Reading is the key to helping you grow and flourish as a child, as an adult. You can learn so much. Excuse me while I take a break. So this is something that I think that we should think about in our libraries. Okay, almost done. Empowering kids and families to read. Popular culture, everybody was mentioning this when I said where do you get your information. Popular culture can be a good key to Native communities and thinking about these two are shows that came out recently, one was on Hulu called "Predator" or "Prey" the follow-up and other was "Reservation Dogs" both Hulu, I believe. Thinking about Native culture within the media, within television, within film. Also thinking about it in the fashion and arts. So thinking about all the artists, all of the fashion. There is so much creative talent within Native communities, and so thinking about how can you bring this to light? How can you bring visibility? I don't know how many libraries still have like actual magazines but sometimes there are electronic magazines you can view, but even picking up a special issue or an issue that has Native people highlighted, is really nice to bring visibility to your library and to your collection and having some nice representation there that's authentic, and I really liked this tweet from the Phoenix Suns I highlighted in the photo, "representation through respect and education." So thinking about it as you are making a good representation because you want to educate people about something really important and so we are not just creating representation and visibility and acknowledgment for the sake of checking a box or saying it's November, we're thinking about it through respecting people and bringing education and awareness to the topic. So everybody's been asking about books. I've seen all the little chats going. I have a couple of slides of what's new. Here are some picture books and middle grade books from 2022 and 2023. Contenders is come out, I'm excited to read and a new one from Christine Day and Brian Young coming out, Forever Cousins is beautiful. Some of them are coming. See if your library has these books, preorder them, buy them. These are great to see. A lot of these are coming from Hart Drum and some from other large publish hes. Penguin put out Finding My Dance. I think it was. I was so happy to see it out there, and so there's a lot of books coming out, always just trying to find, keeping an eye out for blog posts and other information that's out there. I also have some new YA books coming out or have some out recently, both 2022 from Arthur LeVine, and we also have some from Heart Drum from Harper Collins. Glad to see people putting their favorites. Project 562 is a photo book. Check out the website and this one forever went to 562 different Tribal Nations and photographed people and now there's a book, so she has a website that is wonderful and you can view all the photos there but also if you are a special library or arts, feel free to check out her new book is coming out this spring. Her follow-up is coming this year, amazing and beautiful where you can see Native people today in their environments and their communities. So I want to have time for questions so I'm just going to summarize these last few slides. What teachers and librarians can do. A lot of this is in the learning guides so you guys can go back and re-visit all of these different things. Collection development of course is a core part of work as a librarian. Evaluating your collection that you already have, so what resources maybe are dated or stereotyped or have misrepresentations in them, looking at displays for indigenous knowledge, invite local community artists, guest speakers to your programs and your schools, musicians. And then educate yourself and your students about Native communities in your area. These are really great ideas that you can come back to. So my last slide, because I do want to take a couple questions, is just to stress that we kind of see Native Americans as a smaller population sometimes in our communities. A lot of people say there's no Native people in my community or I don't ever see Native people. I want to stress that American Indians could be a small population in your area but it could be a mighty population. Inspiring growth and change from a seed to grow and transform into a whole garden can happen over time, and there's lots of things that you can do to check in with communities and ask for their perspective on what they want to see at your library, listen to stories and acknowledge stories, so tear down barriers especially if you're in areas, I know there's a lot of border towns in the U.S., where there's lots of racism because it's like a reservation town and that big city, I know I lived in Flagstaff, Arizona, it was definitely a borderline and it was very difficult living there in some ways because, yes, the university's there, but it was also difficult because there's a lot of racism and a lot of mistreatment towards Native people still today. So it's really good to check in with communities and listen to people and their stories. Go beyond the surface and build relationships with partnerships with community organizations. Those can be some of the best people to work with for a library, and then reflect. So take time to reflect. Native Americans are often overlooked and not valued or celebrated in communities, and so really reflect on what would be a way that your library could contribute to raising the visibility awareness and acknowledgment of Native Nations telling their story, promoting books by Native authors, really making Native people today be more connected to your library, to making sure that they are visible and acknowledged and yeah, I think I'm going to leave it there. I have lots of references for you all. They will be in the slides in the guide but I love to take a few questions here. 

>> Fantastic. Thank you so much, Naomi. Fantastic information, really valuable. Folks really chiming in, in chat with their appreciation and lots of excellent contributions to chat. A couple of the questions that came up, folks I think your work in kids and YA is felt in the field and your colleagues. Some folks are interested in more adult books. Is there an adult award for Native American authors? 

>> NAOMI: There is not an award per se for like, I know the Asian Pacific Library does an adult. We'd love to do that one day. It's hard to keep track of publishing but the Arizona State University Library does an award every year for Indigenous author and that's kind of I feel like it's prestigious. If you have win that award, they get a lot of submissions for that, so there's that book, awards from the Labriola at Arizona State University. We've never done an adult award. I feel like adult books get a lot of press and reviews a lot more so I read a lot of adult literature and some of the names you're putting in the chat I see. I guess that's a good project for us to do. 

>> We'll pull these contributed here and add those to the event page but if there are lists that folks have, maybe they have lists through their library collections, definitely share those as well. There were some questions around acknowledgment and the website that we shared at the beginning. Can you talk a little bit about what you think of acknowledgment. Somebody said I always feel they should continue with, "therefore we will" something else besides the acknowledgment. What do you think of the Nativelands.ca. Is that something you recommend folks using? I will say someone who resides on land that's not recognized federally, there were resources on nativelands.ca that took me to more information about the community and including contacts so somebody asked how do we find more information about local folks, that might be a good place to start as well. Can you talk a little bit about your opinions and recommendations? 

>> NAOMI: Land acknowledgment have become more popular in recent years and depending on the event and the intentions of the group performing the land acknowledgment to know if it's actually meaningful or not, a lot of times I tune out especially in webinars and Zooms when it's a land acknowledgment because I don't feel like it does anything. Unless they're asking, like I have attended some conferences that are like please donate to this Native organization or please familiarize yourself about this organization and learn more, so I think it definitely needs to go beyond the land acknowledgment. I think that some action would be beneficial. Especially if it's a library organization, what is your library organization doing to, you know, contribute to that acknowledgment and visibility, so are you making, you know, a goal to purchase books by Native authors and illustrators or are you making a goal to say we are going to, you know, have stakeholders meetings with local communities maybe once a year or once every three years when we do our strategic planning, are we thinking about the local communities? I think the Nativelands.ca is a good tool to get people familiar with Tribal Nations or land that was in their area. I think it's difficult and sometimes especially urban areas where there may be many tribes or many people represented and those people are kind of left out. You have your traditional homelands and not thinking about people who also live and reside there. It's complicated, like all things. It could be -- it's really your intention and I will just say this, as Native person growing up in the city, it was really interesting when land acknowledgments became popular because I remember when I was a kid, and Native culture, Native communities, you actually pray and do usually the blessing or a song or something before you start an event, if it's like a big event, and I feel like a lot of that was kind of our acknowledgment of each other and of our community, and of the land, and you know, we're really grateful and thankful. We really reflect on things, and I feel like American culture kind of took that and says they want to reflect and be meaningful, but they don't, and so if it's not like -- one more example, from the American Indian Library Association many years ago when I first became a member, one of the elders Janice Rice would have us meet and start with a prayer or a blessing and then she'd have us take a sip of water and it was kind of us rooting ourselves in that moment in that place in time acknowledging our bodies and our space, and so I think that's where it's really needs to go into a real reflection or a real authentic partnership. It's great to highlight it and to educate people, like ALA started doing land acknowledgment for all their meetings and I think that's fine but don't put that labor on Native people. People are like I want a speaker from the local tribe. I want to have somebody write this for me. If you're going to write it, you're going to write it yourself and do the research. The Newbury Libraries in Chicago you can ask librarians to help you, but I think that's part of the work that librarians and we need to do as professionals of learning and really stretching ourselves to understand the community and the land that we're on, if we're really going to acknowledge that land, but it is great to hear at times but there's a lot more that goes with that. 

>> Well, I think that you know, when we talked about this as we in our preparation meeting I know we talked about that that could be a whole 'nother web that are. There's all sorts of topics within your session that could be a whole 'nother webinar and I just want to acknowledge that Lorraine Roy, who was actually one of our founding advisory members, is presenting on land acknowledgment with a colleague, Alex Soto, at the upcoming ALA conference. So this obviously, that is a presentation in and of itself, so I appreciate you sharing your experience. People are really appreciative to hear from you on that as well. We are just about at the top of the hour. There was one more question I thought it would be helpful to quickly -- somebody asked, "What should terms like Indian, Native, Indigenous be used for programming and displays?"? 

>> NAOMI: In my personal opinion, American Indian or Native American if you're speaking of U.S. Native Tribes but if you're speaking of indigenous people globally, including in Canada and Mexico, the term indigenous or say First Nations People but also Alaska Native. I say American Indian and Alaska Native. If you're in a local area, say Phoenix, right, you can say Akimel O'odham and say the tribal name or display. So it really is context and thinking about your audience and the term Indian, we use the term Indian but it's kind of like -- it's not politically correct but Indians use the term Indian. You are not wrong, but it does get confusing if there's other Indians from India there. I work for the university, lots of Indians we laugh because it's Eastern Indian and U.S. Indian so I don't use the term Indian that much unless it's used in that context but a lot of times American Indian or Native American is fine or if you're really looking to your local area, like Seattle, you can say Duwamish or if there's a county or place you're living that the tribe is recognized and has a relationship and different things like that, it's good to mention the tribal names as well. 

>> I would say talking to your local tribal folks. There were some questions I want to acknowledge the folks that said they don't really know where to find information, maybe they live in a smaller community. There are some steps in the learner guide. I encourage you to take a look at that, certainly look to see if there's any sort of state jurisdiction that you could connect with your state library, look at a state level and that might help you get to some of the more local information as well. We'll definitely update our event page with all these amazing resources. Thank you so much to folks who have brought additional links to the conversation, and all the book recommendations, and I'm so grateful, Naomi, that you have been able to bring your great work and learning and experience and information to this session. I will let everyone know once the recording is posted later today. I'll also automatically send you a certificate for attending, and I'm going to send you to a short survey, as you leave. If you don't have time to take the survey now, it will also be in that email, but we really want to gather your feedback. We'll share it with Naomi and it helps us guide our ongoing programming. So thank you for taking the time and thank you again, so much, Naomi. Everyone, have a great rest of your week and hopefully we'll see you next week at our webinar on library policies. Thank you so much. Have a great day.